Andradite is a member of the garnet group and is scientifically classified as a calcium iron silicate with the chemical formula Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃. It crystallizes in the cubic (isometric) crystal system, which is typical of garnets, and often forms well-defined crystals. Andradite is especially valued for its high refractive index and strong dispersion, which give it exceptional brilliance and fire. This gemstone occurs in a variety of colors, including green, yellow, brown, black, and rarely colorless. The green variety, known as Demantoid garnet, is the most prized due to its diamond-like brilliance and high dispersion. Another variety, Topazolite, appears in yellow to golden shades, while Melanite is the black variety of Andradite.